AUSTRIA
ORDERS - DECORATIONS - MEDALS
AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE
Order of the Golden Fleece (Orden vom Goldenen-Vliesse). Established
by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy in 1429. See Society of the Golden
Fleece.
Military Order of Elizabeth-Theresa (Elisabeth-Theresien Orden).
Established by Empress Elizabeth-Theresa, widow of Emperor Charles IV, in 1750. Renewed 1771.
Military Order of Maria Theresa (Maria-Theresien Orden). Established
by Empress Maria-Theresa in 1757. Modified in 1810.
See Austrian Napoleonic Orders and Medals.
Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary (...). Established by Empress Maria-
Theresa on May 5, 1764 to award civil merit by Hungarian nobels with at least four quatrerings of nobility.
See Austrian Napoleonic Orders and Medals.
Order of Ecclesiastical Merit (...). Established by Emperor Francis I in 1801.
Order of Leopold (Leopold-Orden). Established by Emperor Francis I
in 1808.See Austrian Napoleonic Orders and Medals.
Order of the Iron Crown (Orden der Eisernen-Krone). Established by
Napoleon I as King of Italy in 1805. Re-established by Emperor Franz I in 1816 in three classes. On 12 January, 1860 the use of
War Decorations (KD) was authorized. At this time the style of the decoration was changed as well. The Knights Class of the Order was
returnable upon death to the Order's chancery up to 18 July, 1884, after which date the decoration could be retained by the holder's
heirs. Almost any example in commerce is therefore made after that date.
Order of Francis Joseph (Franz-Josephs Orden). Established by Emperor
Francis Joseph I in 1849. Modified in 1856.
Order of the Starry Cross (Sternkreuzorden). Established by Empress
Eleonore, widow of Emperor Ferdinand II, in 1668. Reserved for ladies.
Teutonic Order (Deutscher Orden or Der Deutsche Orden Sankt
Mariens zu Jerusalem). See International Orders.
AUSTRIAN REPUBLIC
Decoration of Honour for Merit (Ehrenzeichen für
Verdienste um die Republik Österreich). Established by the National Council in a law of 2.4.1952. Amended in 1954 and
1956.
Decoration of Honour for Science and the Arts
(Österreichische Ehrenzeichen für Wissenschaft und Kunst). Established by the National Council in a law
of 25.5.1955.
Cross of Honour for Science and Art (Österreichische
Ehrenkreuz für Wissenschaft und Kunst). Established by the National Council in a law
of 25.5.1955.
Teutonic Order (Deutscher Orden or Der Deutsche Orden Sankt
Mariens zu Jerusalem). Drastically altered in 1929.
Order of Saint John of Jerusalem and of Malta for the Grand Priorate of Austria
and Bohemia (Johanniter-Malterser-Ordenen für das Grosspriorat Österreich und Böhmen
). A branch of the Order of Malta. See International Orders.
